Repository path: workshop/regimes/R55-radif-or-refusal.md · rendered 2026-09-09

R55 — the radif carried or refused, and the refusal enumerated

v0.1, pilot. R51 without its variant set.

R51 was built to price the two halves of the rhyming position and therefore requires, beside the rendering of record, three declared variants with one half or the other removed. ARM-radif-hands does not need a price. It needs to know whether the shape can be hosted at all, at first hand, in the two grammatical cells framework/v0.2 §7.36.1 and §7.40 call unreachable — so R55 keeps R51's craft clauses and its rendering of record and drops the variants.

The rule

1. R51 §1 carries over unchanged and outranks everything below: render the sense, adding no fact, referent or evaluation and dropping none; a chime bought with a word the Persian has not got is a refusal, not a chime; enumerate the options before choosing and write the enumeration down whether or not it yields; grade mechanically after the hand has written its own reading; never revise a rendering to move a grade; verse stays verse; freeze the log before any evaluation is designed and before any published hand's page is opened.
2. The rendering of record. At every rhyming position of the ghazal — both hemistichs of the مطلع and the second hemistich of every later bayt — the English attempts (a) the radif: the same word or phrase, identical at every position, standing last; and (b) the chime: the word immediately before it rhyming with its counterpart at every other position.
3. Two grades, separately, at every position. - radif — HELD (identical tail present) / UNREACHABLE (no English tail can stand there without a word the Persian has not got, with the options enumerated). - chime — HELD / SHORT (a chime bought with a filler; the filler is named) / REFUSED (no chime taken, with the reason).
4. The radif is graded for the poem, the chime position by position. A radif is not a position-wise option: it either stands at every rhyming position or it is not a radif.
5. Inversion is permitted and is recorded. Where the English puts an object, complement or adverbial before the verb in order to leave the radif last, the log names the inversion and the register it costs. This clause exists because the published record has an inverting hand in it and the handbook does not.
6. A rhyme word may be used twice in different senses, which Persian rules permit and Leaf 1898 (Introduction, p. 8) records himself using. Every reuse is named in the log.