Repository path: workshop/translations/hafez-derakht/source.md · rendered 2026-09-09
Page metadata (front matter)
| type | manifest |
|---|---|
| id | src-hafez-derakht |
| status | frozen |
| created | 2026-09-01 |
| updated | 2026-09-01 |
| links | workshop/translations/hafez-derakht/R57-v1/translation.md, workshop/regimes/R57-leaf-contract.md, wiki/arms/ARM-leaf-contract.md, workshop/experiments/E-20260901b-leaf-pattern/materials/sh115.json, runs/RS-20260829-radif-hands/census.json, wiki/base/anchors/A-leaf-hafez/README.md |
Source — «حافظ» غزل ۱۱۵، «درخت دوستی بنشان که کام دل به بار آرد»
Witness: Ganjoor, Qazvini–Ghani text of the Divan of Hafez,
https://api.ganjoor.net/api/ganjoor/poem?url=/hafez/ghazal/sh115, fetched 2026-09-01 (S238).
Public domain (Hafez, d. c. 1390). Raw JSON preserved at
workshop/experiments/E-20260901b-leaf-pattern/materials/sh115.json.
7 bayts · 8 rhyming positions · radif آرد · qāfiya in -ār
(بار · شمار · خمار · نهار · گذار · هزار · قرار · کنار), from the frozen 495-ghazal census
runs/RS-20260829-radif-hands/census.json, reused byte-identical.
Metre: مفاعیلن مفاعیلن مفاعیلن مفاعیلن — هزج مثمن سالم, hazaj-i musamman-i sālim,
⏑ – – – ‖ ⏑ – – – ‖ ⏑ – – – ‖ ⏑ – – –, sixteen syllables, twelve long to four short.
This is metre 6 of Walter Leaf's own printed table (Versions from Hafiz, 1898, pp. 19–20),
which he says occurs 25 times in Brockhaus's 573 ghazals.
Why this poem, and the rule was fixed before a line was written
Four conditions, all checkable before any English existed:
- Its metre is one of the two Leaf names, in his own Introduction, as the case English cannot
do. He writes (p. 12): "many Persian metres so abound in long syllables that the English
language will not supply stress enough to reproduce them. In the metres numbered in the Table
4 and 6, for instance, there are three longs, and in 17 four, to every short. In these and
others I have taken some account of metrical quantity as well as of stress." Metre 6 is twelve
longs to four shorts, exactly 3 : 1. A rendering under
R57is therefore an attempt at the measure its own contract-holder printed as the hard one. - Leaf translated one ode in metre 6 and only one — his ode IV, Brockhaus 8 =
sh3, «اگر آن ترک شیرازی». This is not that poem, so the lead is not rendering a ghazal whose published English sits in the repository, and the reference for the same measure exists on the same shelf. - Its radif
آردis a transitive finite verb — the cellframework/v0.2§7.36.1 calls unreachable, where the project has been accumulating counter-instances (RS-20260829-radif-hands,A-leaf-hafez§4). - The metre is attested twice, independently. Ganjoor's own metrical attribution for
sh115isمفاعیلن مفاعیلن مفاعیلن مفاعیلن (هزج مثمن سالم), and Leaf's hand-transcribed table (runs/RS-20260830-leaf-contract/extract.py) gives metre 6 asu - - - u - - - u - - - u - - -. They agree. The measure is not the lead's scansion of the Persian.
The Persian, with a literal gloss
| bayt | Persian | literal gloss |
|---|---|---|
| 1a | درخت دوستی بنشان که کام دل به بار آرد | Plant the tree of friendship, for it brings the heart's desire to fruit |
| 1b | نهال دشمنی برکن که رنج بی شمار آرد | Uproot the sapling of enmity, for it brings uncountable pain |
| 2a | چو مهمان خراباتی به عزت باش با رندان | Since thou art a guest of the kharābāt, be in honour with the rinds |
| 2b | که درد سر کشی جانا گرت مستی خمار آرد | for thou wilt bear a headache, O soul, if thy drunkenness brings the khumār |
| 3a | شب صحبت غنیمت دان که بعد از روزگار ما | Count the night of company a windfall, for after our time |
| 3b | بسی گردش کند گردون بسی لیل و نهار آرد | the sphere will make many a turning, will bring many a night and day |
| 4a | عماری دار لیلی را که مهد ماه در حکم است | O litter-driver of Layli, who hast the moon's cradle in thy command |
| 4b | خدا را در دل اندازش که بر مجنون گذار آرد | for God's sake cast it in his heart that he bring his passing by Majnun |
| 5a | بهار عمر خواه ای دل و گر نه این چمن هر سال | Seek the spring of life, O heart; else this lawn, every year, |
| 5b | چو نسرین صد گل آرد بار و چون بلبل هزار آرد | brings, like the eglantine, a hundred flowers to bear, and like the bulbul brings a thousand |
| 6a | خدا را چون دل ریشم قراری بست با زلفت | For God's sake, since my wounded heart has bound a compact with thy tress |
| 6b | بفرما لعل نوشین را که زودش با قرار آرد | bid thy honeyed ruby bring it quickly to rest |
| 7a | در این باغ از خدا خواهد دگر پیرانه سر حافظ | In this garden, grey-headed now, Hafez asks of God one more thing |
| 7b | نشیند بر لب جویی و سروی در کنار آرد | that he sit at the lip of a stream, and bring a cypress to his side |
Three things in the Persian that a rendering has to decide about, recorded before the English existed.
هزارin 5b is a pun and the poem's best joke. hazār is "a thousand", and hazār is also a name of the nightingale. «چون بلبل هزار آرد» reads at once as brings a thousand, as the bulbul does and as brings the hazār-bird.قرارin 6a and 6b is one word doing two jobs. In 6a the wounded heart قراری بست, "bound a compact"; in 6b the lip is to bring it با قرار, "to rest". Compact and rest are the same Persian noun.کنارin 7b is "side" and "embrace" at once, and the cypress (سرو) is both a tree by the water and the tall straight beloved. The maqta' asks for a literal garden and a person in the same breath.