Wiktionary — "geram" (Indonesian/Malay)
- Author: unauthored (crowd-sourced)
- Publication: English Wiktionary
- Date: undated (live page; accessed 2026-09-05)
- URL: https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/geram
- Type: tertiary; neutral stance
- Accessed: 2026-09-05
Extract
- Etymology: Indonesian/Malay geram derives from Malay geram, from Persian گرم (garm), literally "warm," glossed in the borrowed sense as "anguish, vexation." A loanword origin, structurally parallel to hüzün's traced-to-Arabic and meraki's traced-to-Turkish-via-Arabic etymologies already on file — but here the loanword and its native-rooted near-synonym (gemas, Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *gəməs) sit side by side in the same language covering overlapping emotional territory.
- Part of speech: adjective and verb.
- Adjective senses: (1) "indignant, angry, infuriated" (given as the primary sense); (2) cuteness aggression — "an overwhelming feeling of wanting to squeeze, bite, or pinch something incredibly cute."
- Verb sense: "to growl; to snarl" (of animals, low guttural hostile sounds).
- Derived forms: menggeram ("to be indignant" / "to growl"), menggeramkan ("to infuriate"), kegeraman ("indignation, anger, fury, passion"), geraman (noun).
- Descendants: Indonesian inherited geram from Malay with the same range of meanings — i.e., the word is shared across the Malay/Indonesian standard-language split (unlike gemas, which Wiktionary lists as primarily Indonesian, with Malay as its own separate proximate etymon).
Gaps
- Retrieved via WebFetch synthesis, not the raw page source; exact wording of definitions may be paraphrased.
- Wiktionary does not itself state which sense (anger vs. cuteness aggression) is more frequent in actual usage — see the KBBI check for the primary Indonesian dictionary's own emphasis.